Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Eugene Newman Parker,a leading figure in heliospheric(日球层的) physics for the past half century,passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar.15.He was 94.
Hailed(誉为) as a visionary in the field of heliophysics,Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system.NASA even stated that the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr.Eugene Parker.In 2018,Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor.
Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind”,a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun.It can become violent,causing space weather that impacts Earth.When Parker’s research was published in 1958,his theory was initially met with skepticism(怀疑) and ridicule by the scientific community.The general view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum(真空),and was thus completely empty of any matter.But,there were no errors in his study or his calculations,and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962,when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind—exactly as Parker had predicted.
That experience likely led to the advice Parker often gave young researchers:“If you do something new or innovative,expect trouble.But think critically about it because if you’re wrong,you want to be the first one to know that.” Parker never co-authored a paper with his students,thus urging them to be independent.
Parker was humble,straightforward,and wise.His son Eric said,“My sister Joyce and I didn’t get a real feel for what a ‘big dog’ our dad was in the field.” They got an even better sense when a month after Parker’s death,they traveled to Lund,Sweden,to accept on his behalf the Crafoord Prize in Astronomy.
1.What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A.A spacecraft was named in memory of Parker.
B.The sun has fewer effects on Earth than expected.
C.Parker deserved credit for his great contributions.
D.NASA provided new insights into the lunar effect.
2.Why did people view Parker’s theory of “solar wind” skeptically at first?
A.It went against the popular opinion at that time.
B.Some mistakes were found in his calculations.
C.The presence of a supersonic wind was proven by NASA.
D.Matter was believed to exist in the space between planets.
3.What did Parker suggest young researchers do?
A.Seek close cooperation.
B.Avoid high expectations.
C.Learn by trial and error.
D.Compete against others.
4.What words can be used to describe Parker according to the passage?
A.Straightforward and generous.
B.Responsible and accessible.
C.Intelligent yet conservative.
D.Distinguished yet modest.
