[例1] (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)如图,在长方体ABCDA1B1C1D1中,点E,F分别在棱DD1,BB1上,且2DE=ED1,BF=2FB1.
(1)证明:点C1在平面AEF内;
(2)若AB=2,AD=1,AA1=3,求二面角AEFA1的正弦值.
[解] 设AB=a,AD=b,AA1=c,如图,以C1为坐标原点,的方向为x轴正方向,建立空间直角坐标系C1xyz.
(1)证明:连接C1F,则C1(0,0,0),
A(a,b,c),E,
F,=,
=,得=,
因此EA∥C1F,即A,E,F,C1四点共面,
所以点C1在平面AEF内.
(2)由已知得A(2,1,3),E(2,0,2),F(0,1,1),A1(2,1,0),=(0,-1,-1),=(-2,0,-2),
=(0,-1,2),=(-2,0,1).