第一题：热力学（24分）
Problem 1: Thermodynamics (24 points)
为了自己在二月份的18岁生日晚会，Peter计划将自己父母家花园中的一个小屋变成一个带有人造沙滩的游泳池。为了估计加热水和房间的花费，Peter获得了天然气的组成和它的价格。
For his 18th birthday party in February Peter plans to turn a hut in the garden of his parents into a swimming pool with an artificial beach. In order to estimate the costs for heating the water and the house, Peter obtains the data for the natural gas composition and its price.
1.1 请写出天然气中主要成分及其甲烷和乙烷（表1）燃烧的化学方程式，假设氮气在封闭的环境中不参加反应。计算甲烷和乙烷燃烧反应的焓，熵，标准状态下的吉布斯自由能。(1.013·105 Pa, 25.0°C)，假设反应中的产物均为气态。
热力学参数和天然气的组成如表1所示
1.1 Write down the chemical equations for the complete combustion of the main components of natural gas, methane and ethane, given in Table 1. Assume that nitrogen is inert under the chosen conditions.
Calculate the reaction enthalpy, the reaction entropy, and the Gibbs energy under standard conditions (1.013·105 Pa, 25.0°C) for the combustion of methane and ethane according to the equations above assuming that all products are gaseous.
The thermodynamic properties and the composition of natural gas can be found in Table 1.
1.2 天然气的密度是0.740 g L-1 (1.013·105 Pa, 25.0°C)，由the public utility company.
测定。
1.2 The density of natural gas is 0.740 g L-1 (1.013·105 Pa, 25.0°C) specified by PUC, the public utility company.
a) Calculate the amount of methane and ethane (in moles) in 1.00 m3 of natural gas (natural gas, methane, and ethane are not ideal gases!).
a）计算1.00m3天然气甲烷和乙烷的量(用mol表示)，天然气和甲烷和乙烷均不是理想状态下。
b) Calculate the combustion energy which is released as thermal energy during the burning of 1.00 m3 of natural gas under standard conditions assuming that all products are gaseous. (If you do not have the amount from 1.2a) assume that 1.00 m3 natural gas corresponds to 40.00 mol natural gas.)
b）计算燃烧1.00m3天然气放出的能量（假设所有产物均为气态），如果你从1.2a没有查找到数据，就假定1.00m3天然气相当于40mol天然气。
