A
The Four Famous Embroideries (刺绣) of China refer to the Xiang embroidery in Hunan Province, Shu embroidery in Sichuan Province, Yue embroidery in Guangdong Province and Su embroidery in Jiangsu Province.
Xiang embroidery
The earliest piece of Xiang embroidery was unearthed at the No. 1 Tomb of Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. —A.D. 220). The weaving technique was almost the same as the one used in modern times, which shows that embroidery had already existed in the Han Dynasty. In its later development, it absorbs the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and reaches a high artistic level. Xiang embroidery crafts include valuable works of art, as well as products for daily use.
Shu embroidery
Shu embroidery has formed its own unique characteristics: smooth, bright, neat, etc. The works choose flowers, animals, mountains, rivers and human figures as their themes. The craftsmanship of Shu embroidery involves a combination of fine art and practical uses, such as the facings of quilts, pillowcases, coats and screen covers.
Yue embroidery
Influenced by national folk art, Yue embroidered pictures are mainly of dragons and phoenixes (凤凰), and flowers and birds, with neat designs and strong, contrasting colors.
Gold-and-silk thread embroidery is widely used, even for crafts of daily use.
Su embroidery
The weaving techniques of Su embroidery are characterized by the flat surface, dense lines, even pictures and harmonious colors. Su embroidery products fall into 3 major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use. Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.
1. The unearthed embroidery at Mawangdui shows Xiang embroidery’s _______.
A. time-honoured history B. excellent designs
C. artistic value D. advanced techniques
2. If you receive a double-sided embroidery as a gift, it must be ________.
A. Xiang embroidery B. Shu embroidery
C. Yue embroidery D. Su embroidery
3. What do we know about the four famous embroideries?
A. All are rooted in folk art. B. All are valuable artworks.
C. All share the same themes. D. All have practical use.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四大名绣：湖南的湘绣、四川的蜀绣、广东的粤绣和江苏的苏绣。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Xiang embroidery部分内容“The earliest piece of Xiang embroidery was unearthed at the No. 1 Tomb of Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. —A.D. 220). The weaving technique was almost the same as the one used in modern times, which shows that embroidery had already existed in the Han Dynasty.( 最早的湘绣是在长沙马王堆1号墓出土的汉代(公元前206年至公元220年)。其编织技术与现代几乎相同，说明刺绣早在汉代就已经存在。)”可知，马王堆发现的湘绣编织技术几乎与现代相同，说明湘绣拥有悠久的历史。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Su embroidery部分内容“Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.”可知，双面绣是苏绣的优秀代表。因此如果收到的是双面绣，那一定是苏绣。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Xiang embroidery部分内容提及“Xiang embroidery crafts include valuable works of art, as well as products for daily use.( 湘绣工艺品既有名贵的艺术品，也有生活用品。)”文章Shu embroidery部分内容提及“The craftsmanship of Shu embroidery involves a combination of fine art and practical uses, such as the facings of quilts, pillowcases, coats and screen covers.( 蜀绣的工艺是艺术与实用的结合，如被子的面、枕套、外套和屏风。)”文章Yue embroidery部分内容提及“Gold-and-silk thread embroidery is widely used, even for crafts of daily use.( 金丝刺绣被广泛使用，甚至用于日常工艺品。)”文章Su embroidery部分内容提及“Su embroidery products fall into 3 major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use.( 苏绣产品主要分为服装、厅堂装饰和日常工艺品三大类。)”可知，四大绣品均具有实用性价值。故选D项。
【点睛】细节理解题
考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。事实细节题可采用寻读法进行解答。比如文章的第2小题：
2. If you receive a double-sided embroidery as a gift, it must be ________.
A. Xiang embroidery B. Shu embroidery
C. Yue embroidery D. Su embroidery
题目为细节理解题。题干关键词为“a double-sided embroidery”，利用寻读法定位到文章原文内容“Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.”可知，答案为D项。
