A (2020·浙江1月卷·C)
Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence(毅力)，a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers.Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura PadillaWalker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
“There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，”PadillaWalker said. “This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence—which can be taught—are key to a child's life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an “authoritative” parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian：rigid，demanding or controlling. Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics：children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed；children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权)．
In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited aboveaverage levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14yearolds living in twoparent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了父亲在子女教育方面的作用和重要性。
1．What is special about the BYU professors' study?
A．It centered on fathers' role in parenting.
B．It was based on a number of large families.
C．It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D．It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school.
A [推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.”可推断，该研究关注父亲在教育子女坚持方面的独特作用和地位。故答案为A项。]
2．What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A．Ignore their demands.
B．Make decisions for them.
C．Control their behaviors.
D．Explain the rules to them.
D [推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Authoritative parenting...Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed”可推断，真正的权威式父亲不是“独裁式”的，而是给孩子讲规则、讲道理的。此处特别要注意文章中的“the reasons behind rules are stressed”与D项属于同义替换。所以答案为D项。]
3．Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A．Single parents.
B．Children aged from 11 to 14.
C．Authoritarian fathers.
D．Mothers in twoparent homes.
A [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research”可知，未来的研究将会更多关注到单亲父母在教导坚持的益处方面的作用。因此选A项。]
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B．Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C．Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D．Family Relationship Influences School Performance
C [标题判断题。根据文章第一段的“Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.”可知，本文主要围绕父亲的家教作用来展开，提出父亲对孩子坚持的品质的培养有特别的影响。故C项能够很好地概括全文。]
