A
Marie Curie is well-known all over the world. However, perhaps you have not heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860- 1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907- 1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor(1930- present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913- 2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil--rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” said Parks.
1. What is Jane Addams famous for in history?
A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.
2. What is the reason for O'Connor's not being able to find a job in the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women. D. The poor financial conditions.
3. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace--lovers.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去的一百年里，四位杰出的女性。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jane Addams部分Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. (任何接受过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。)可知在历史上，Jane Addams因为她的社会工作而出名。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O'Connor部分When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.( 1952年， Sandra Day O’connor在斯坦福大学法学院以全班第三名的成绩毕业, 但她在律师事务所找不到工作, 因为她是一位女性。)可知她没能在律师事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与C项“对于女性的歧视”相符。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?（以下列出的杰出女性中，你认为谁是过去100年里最重要的女性?）可知文中提到的女性都是先驱。故选C。
【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第1小题，根据Jane Addams部分Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. (任何接受过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams。)可知在历史上，Jane Addams因为她的社会工作而出名。故选A。
